Flexibility is the key for Battery Charge
Portable electronic products in the past mainly uses disposable batteries or alkaline batteries as a power supply is different now, whether laptop, mobile phone or MP3/MP4 player,VGP-BPS8, VGP-BPS8A, ,VGP-BPS8B have all the basic use of lithium ion, nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen rechargeable batteries, not only reduces the use of Cost is conducive to environmental protection, and more importantly, a larger battery capacity can be done in order to obtain longer battery life. Rechargeable batteries because of their characteristics to the system developers have also made new demands, in order to make rechargeable batteries have a longer life, the correct charging circuit design and device selection is essential, whether it is an external charger, or system Internal rechargeable power management program is required depending on the use of careful consideration.
Single-chip charge management programs or will become a mainstream
In portable products, battery charging can usually be two ways, one is to use the system itself host MCU plus a pulse-width modulation and demodulation unit (PWM) to achieve, and the other is to use highly integrated single-chip charge management IC . "Single-chip charge management IC's greatest strength is to have a higher reliability, while the MCU + PWM program is even more cheap and cheerful." Fujitsu Microelectronics Marketing Manager Wang Yun In an interview with reporter an interview, he explained, "System Manufacturing providers can in terms of cost, reliability and so comparing the two options is better, you can choose the most suitable program. In the long run, with the single-chip charge management IC for cost reduction and external communications functions, as well as the increase, more the application of choice among the more reliable single-chip would become a trend. "
According to Wang Yun introduced Fujitsu's charge management products are mainly targeted at the 2Cell above market, and 2 ~ 4Cell applications have to be among the biggest VGP-BPS9,, VGP-BPS9/B, VGP-BPS9/Smarket in notebook computers. From 15 years ago, Fujitsu power management R & D team and Fujitsu notebook R & D departments, began developing the charge management for laptops IC. Through several generations of continuous development and improvement of products, new research and development of the lithium battery charge management ICMB39A132 and MB39A134 in Taiwan and mainland China makers are applied in many other places, but also by the recent high-profile Internet access to this market's attention. "In the notebook computer applications which, due to a few years ago rechargeable battery explosions happened one after another so that all notebook manufacturers charging part of the design of the design of increasingly importance in the management of part of the charge would prefer to use a high quality, stability and reliability of the big brand power management IC. "he said.
However, BCD Semiconductor Corporation from AC / DC Products Dr. Wu Xin, director of MCU + PWM is more optimistic about the program, he considered that the formation of special charge management IC circuit control scheme is simple, but relatively simple function, usually only on the specific parameters of the lithium-ion battery conduct charge, and different models of portable products are often using a different model specifications of lithium-ion batteries, if we adopt special chip, it will result in duplication of development efforts and waste of resources.
"Using MCU + PWM to achieve Buck circuit and control method of low-cost flexible and can easily be improved and upgraded, can be applied to a variety of lithium-ion batteries." Xin Wu said.
BCD Semiconductor is an analog signal integrated circuits in the Greater China manufacturers (IDM), engaged in power management IC product design R & D and manufacturing. Unlike the rest of the market Fabless design firms, BCD Semiconductor has a 6-inch wafer fabs
(Including Bipolar, CMOS, BiCMOS, and BCDMOS production process), can take advantage of product design and integration of advanced technology to optimize product performance and cost in order to provide a cost-effective application solutions.
In fact BCD Semiconductor's focus is on low-cost, high efficiency AC / DC off-line power adapter / charger controller chip, the company in 2006 developed the first generation of primary-side controller AP370x series is the first launch of its kind on the market one of the products. According to reports, AP370x using the original edge control and output cable compensation proprietary technology, built-in temperature compensation and transformer primary side inductance compensation, you can save optocoupler and secondary case of feedback control circuit to achieve high-accuracy output voltage and current control , thereby greatly reducing the number of power circuit components and simplify circuit design has been successfully used in mobile phones, wireless public telephone, cordless phones and wireless routers and other products charger / adapter. "In order to further improve the power conversion efficiency, reduce standby power consumption, we have further introduced the industry-leading five-star standards to meet the second generation of the primary side controller AP376x series, its no-load power consumption less than 30mW can easily meet the energy of the Star EPSv2.0 and five-star standard mobile phone charger all of the world, including the charger / adapter, and no-load energy efficiency standards. "Xin Wu said.
Increasingly diverse input power
With the increasing diversity of people's living environment can be used for battery charging power supplies are becoming increasingly diverse, in addition to other traditional 220VAC adapter, users can also hopes to keep power through the USB interface or a vehicle for various devices such as battery charging, In addition, there are user requirements in the device while charging can continue to use its features, so the device need to be more flexible charge management circuitry to accommodate a wider range of application environments.
Clearly, the new requirements to the system manufacturers greater challenge. "The challenge comes from the first charge-management IC require a wider operating voltage range, thus requiring the use of higher voltage semiconductor process to carry out the chip design." Wang Yun said, "The second challenge is battery for laptop to ask the IC can be on different input power to make corresponding adjustments, as well as battery charging and system power consumption can make a certain amount of management. "Fujitsu MB39A132/134 his charge management IC for example, explains, through the distribution of the dynamic input current to ensure that the system power consumption and battery charging can simultaneously hold.
As the AC adapter / USB / Car power supply provided by the voltage and current are not the same, while the rechargeable battery voltage and sessions are not quite the same, when the charging voltage is higher than the supply voltage can be carried out through step-up charge, so that rise and fall Pressure charge management IC on the market have not seen. In addition, the equipment working at the same time charge, demand charge management IC have a good anti-jamming design, keeping in mind that in the case of low battery voltage, charge current is greater than the discharge current to ensure that, to avoid "make ends meet," to happen. "From the charging IC design point of view, the current challenges include: 1, how to further improve the conversion efficiency and lower standby charging power; 2, how to effectively manage multi-channel power supply and load; 3, how to improve the charging rate at the same time to ensure the safety of battery life; 4, how to further expand charging control method of flexible configuration in order to adapt to different types of battery charging requirements. "Xin Wu added.
He believes that portable devices such as cell phone chargers charger is a relatively mature and stable market, domestic producers are mostly relevant to manufacturing-based, technology development, the power is relatively weak. And the charger itself is commodity nowadays, and manufacturers relatively great pressure on cost control, acceptance of new technologies is also relatively low. In recent years, because the public awareness of environmental protection, government and various environmental organizations, agencies, including the cell phone makers themselves, have raised a number of environmental standards related to energy-saving charger, for example, the letter issued by the Ministry of the Chinese workers, "mobile phones and recharge converters and interface technology requirements and test methods "(YD/T1591-2006), Energy Star EPS2.0, mobile phone charger grading standards, etc., are all aimed at reducing the waste of resources, improve energy efficiency and reduce empty weight. The introduction of these standards to a large extent driven charger products, technological innovations.
"Chinese manufacturers face major difficulties is the designer's technical practice, the charge was not able to fully grasp the design requirements of charge." Wang Yun said, "At the same Gejia charge management IC features different users of the new lack of understanding of product design was not approachable. The solution mainly depend on charge-management IC manufacturers to increase the market of products and technologies, to provide multi-faceted designer technical support to enable designers to quickly grasp the design of Charge Management technology. "
In a notebook designs, engineers on the charge management IC designs attach great importance, otherwise the event of problems will cost a lot of time and energy engineers, so early detection of problems in research and development is critical. Wang Yun said, Fujitsu addition to the evaluation board for the client systems evaluations, has also developed a laptop power supply design evaluation system, through the system, as long as the customer to provide a complete circuit can be of any problems that may occur prior to a complete inspection, thereby helping to reduce development risk.
Last year, the global financial tsunami occurred in the second half of consumer electronics products for a huge blow, "but we are delighted to find that consumer electronics has been ahead of the overall economy started to recover. In particular, benefited from state subsidies for household appliances to the countryside policies, notebook computers and LCD TVs the rapid warming and other markets. "Wang Yun said. "Next year we will continue to increase in the power management IC R & D investment, will be offered for the whole new generation of charge management products. In recent years the continuous development of new energy technologies, high-profile battery technology, lithium batteries / lithium iron batteries will also be will be applied to more product offerings. from the power management IC point of view, more secure, high-precision, multi-protection function, the external communication functions, cell balancing function and multiple sets of charging and discharging the battery voltage input and so on will be a wide battery management technology development trend of the future. "
Integrated programmable logic devices using high-power management
Energy-saving design of the most serious challenge is to use the microprocessor to manage the power supply. Microprocessors are not optimized for power management, they must deal with too many instructions, and the reaction time is slow, and may lead to thermal breakdown, as well as sudden and even catastrophic circuit boards and system failures. Although the use of microprocessor power management has been the traditional approach, but using logic, power management devices faster and more reliable.
Lattice Semiconductor in April 2009 launched PowerManagerII series of new products, POWR1220AT8 for power monitoring, repair and voltage measurements provide an excellent solution for programmable devices that can replace the reset generator, control IC, watchdog timer device, sequencing / tracking and hot-plug integrated circuits and many other IC, to provide users with the necessary tools and functionality to meet the large-scale base stations, high-end servers and small single-board computer systems such as the green standard of energy-saving requirements. Depending on the design, energy-saving effect of different, but the energy-saving 30% are not uncommon.
To reduce power consumption and energy conservation is an important way to turn off the circuit board for the unused portion, and the load is low, reducing the power consumed by IC. PowerManagerII highly integrated programmable voltage monitor IC devices to integrate into a device which can help reduce system cost and improve reliability. For example, PowerManagerII1220AT8 monitoring of up to 12 circuit board power supplies, providing up to 20 open-drain (open-drain) outputs and 8 digital outputs DC-DCtrim/margin. The use of on-chip 48 macrocell CPLD and four programmable timer, the device generates a CPU reset signal, including pulse tailing and power failures interrupted. 20 There are four outputs can be configured for high-voltage MOSFET drivers. There are six general-purpose digital inputs can be used for other control functions.
An advantage of this design is that they can use in any power-sensitive as the standard platform power management solutions. Across platforms and product lines to establish such a standard solution obtained by the efficiency of obvious, from the design time and the required quantity of devices can be realized. For low power consumption and demand for energy-saving devices in the past few years greatly increased, and this trend will continue, it is expected that an integrated, programmable power management devices will be more widely used.
Lattice plans to the next generation of power management devices to improve integration and includes more features, not only can support power management, but also enables the management of the circuit board itself. Its function will be expanded to include temperature monitoring, fan control, NV error log, the user wholesale electronics logic and system interfaces. In addition to power management products, the company also offers a range of low-power programmable logic devices, including ispMACH4000KZE ultra-low-power CPLD and LatticeECP3FPGA series, which is only about the cost and power consumption of other FPGA with SERDES features half.
detailed knowledges about components of battery
Cathode
In an alkaline battery, effectively doubling as a part of the container cathode. The composition of the elements, manganese dioxide, big load of carbon black (graphite) and electrolyte (potassium hydroxide solution) Railway delivery and production facilities in a large number of mixing. The mixture, and then press or particles,VGP-BPS8, VGP-BPS8A, VGP-BPS8B and to the so-called hollow pre-bottled compressed. Is to the size of the battery, multiple preforms can be stacked in a battery. In addition, the number of preform material extruded from the same sound, can be replaced.
Yes, preform to the next one-plated steel insert, on the preform composition and steel battery cathode. In a major operation, the tank battery is available through the standard factory cutting and forming technology. An entry is in the can top and asphalt or epoxy sealant is the ability to prevent the leakage of items.
Separator
Separation of a paper soaked in electrolyte, and then inserted into the can preform, separated by a few pieces of paper is to make cross other grains (such as the plywood used) reference. Open a view can, want to see my paper cup can be divided into one to see. Separation to maintain contact with the anode materials, cathode materials. As an alternative, manufacturers can use the same purpose, a porous synthetic fiber.
Anode
Anode to a battery you can proceed to the next. This is a gel, mainly by zinc, such as potassium hydroxide electrolyte together with the other materials. This gel has a thick consistency. Rather than a solution, it is the chemical battery for laptop suspended particles without rest, places (although a proper filter) can be separated. The gel can not be filled up for the chemical reaction occurs, the battery can be put into use of space.
Seals
If the battery is able to generate electricity, when an open cell is unrealistic, and we have exhausted the potential of very quickly. The battery must be sealed, there are three connected components. First, a copper "nails", or a long insertion into the center and through the gel material and a "collector service." The second is a plastic seal and the third metal end caps. Nails, it can be extended to about two thirds of the way two welded metal end caps, and then passed through the plastic seal.
This is a very thin sealed in some places than in others, so if too much gas can accumulate, seal, rather than the entire cell damage. Some batteries designed with wax in the plastic hole, push the excess air, such as the battery burst wax. Seal of the General Assembly meeting adjourned in the huddle in the beginning of a process, and entered into force.
Before you can (the positive end of the battery the other side of), and then welded with steel plate is not in the same place or epoxy adhesive cement off.
The label
Leave the battery in your work is the same type of battery identification tags, its size and other information. The label is usually paper, is simply too sticky cells. A major manufacturer's label wholesale electronics design printed on the plastic shrink-wrapping: a loose piece of heat-sensitive plastic can be wrapped around the battery, and then an explosion of heat, you can shrink plastic tightly around the adaptation, so that a suspension.
Nanowire battery
Stanford University researchers found that by means of a silicon nanowire lithium-ion batteries in the other powers to reshape notebook computers, music players, VGP-BPS8,VGP-BPS8A,VGP-BPS8Bcameras, mobile phones, and countless equipment.
This new technology, through research leadership and brittle, Assistant Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, development and production of 10 times the power of existing lithium-ion, such as Li-ion battery. On the notebook computer batteries for two hours, it is now 20 hours, a jump of marine affordable business travelers work.
"This is not a small improvement," Cui said. "This is a revolutionary development."
The breakthrough is described in a paper, "High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires," published online 16 discount on nanotechnology in December by Cui nature, and his graduate chemistry student Candace Chan, five people to write.
Greatly expand the storage VGP-BPS9/B, VGP-BPS9/S, VGP-BPS9A, VGP-BPS9A/B, capacity of lithium-ion batteries attractive to electric car manufacturers. Cui suggested that they can even produce in the home or office roof of the storage of solar cells generate electricity.
He said: "Behind the silicon mature infrastructure that this new technology can be pushed to real life quickly," Cui said.
An electronic storage capacity of lithium-ion batteries, lithium batteries much, this is usually carbon anode is considered limited. Silicon has a much higher capacity than carbon dioxide, but there are drawbacks.
Organic silicon, this cell expansion, as it absorbs positively charged lithium atoms during charging, and shrinkage (ie, during use, when playing your iPod), as the lithium drew silicon. This shows that / shortening cycle, generally lead to (and often in granular or powder, the film in the form of silicon), and reduces the battery's performance.
Cui battery solves this problem with nanotechnology. Lithium is stored in a tiny forest of silicon nanowires with diameters of each one one-thousandth of the thickness of a piece of paper. Nanowires exaggerated 4 times their normal size, they absorb lithium. However, unlike other silicon shapes, they do not fracture.
Study of silicon in the battery began 30 years ago. She said: "People kinds have abandoned it, because the capacity is not high enough, the cycle life is not good enough. Because easy battery they only use the shape. This is simply too great, they are not subject to quantitative change."
Followed by silicon nanowires. "We just made this up," Chan said.
For their experiments, Chan grew up in a stainless steel substrate nanowires provide a good electrical connection. "This is a wonderful moment Candace told me that works," Cui said.
Cui said, the patent application is made. He is considering setting up a new company with the battery manufacturer or protocol. Nanowire batteries would require "one or two different steps in production, but the process will be able to scale," he added. "This is a well-known
innovative ideas of green energy
"Alternative Energy Innovations Fall in 2009" on about 40 energy-related venture firms introduced the development plan. The exhibition is sponsored by the U.S. Dow Jones & Company (DowJones & Co.) Host. Meetings, to explore the solar cells, batteries, wind power, energy management, new power generation systems, and bio-fuels a wide range of topics related to technical fields. This paper will concern the risk of enterprises to make some introductory remarks.
Solar
With low-cost CIGS as a selling point of the United States AppliedQuantumTechnology indicated that it intended 2010 years, began to supply through the use of existing VGP-BPS9/B, VGP-BPS9/S, VGP-BPS9A, VGP-BPS9A/B, technology to reduce the price of the CIGS (Cu, In, Ga, Se)-based thin-film solar cells. The company uses sputtering (Sputtering) technology, on a floor made of CIGS solar cell manufacturing process unique. The company called "OneStep". In such conditions, the need is very large-scale production line can meet the requirements.
The initial product is the direct use of existing solar panels, solar battery module. The company expressed the hope that by 2011 the energy conversion efficiency increased to 13.5%, to an average of 1 U.S. dollars / 1W sold below the price. Expected that around 2015, the energy conversion efficiency increased to 15.9%, which can realize an average of 0.5 U.S. dollars / 1W prices around.
Production of concentrated solar cells in the United States CoolEarthSolar ongoing poly ethylene terephthalate (PolyethyleneTerephthalate, PET) resin in concentrated solar cells (CPV: ConcentratorPhotovoltaic) development. The company is used by blowing pressurized air into the balloon means of hemispherical transparent resin film. With this film, will be to collect sunlight to solar cells. The company referred to as "concentrated solar cells can effectively use solar cells, as well as lower costs."
According to the company, such a set of light-based devices for small-scale farmers and other smaller carriers. The company said the use of the system can realize an average of 1 U.S. dollars / 1W costs.
The use of holographic technology, operating in the United States PrismSolarTechnologies is developing thin-film silicon solar cells on the paste, called "HolographicPlanarConcentrator (HPC)" of the PET resin film technology. The technology uses holographic technology can be divided into different wavelengths of solar energyVGP-BPS8, VGP-BPS8A, VGP-BPS8B utilization. It is reported that currently only the use of a higher power generation efficiency of the wavelength of sunlight. The company said this approach can improve the efficiency of energy use to the previous 3 times. The company said that "by making the transmission of unwanted sunlight than solar panels, to prevent excessive solar heat, thus helping to extend life expectancy."
At present, the use of the technology of solar system to an average of 1.85 U.S. dollars / 1W price sales, but the company said that 2015 could be reduced to an average of 0.65 U.S. dollars / 1W.
Battery Materials
Is committed in the United States access to Li metal, the U.S. SimbolMining is developing geothermal power from the brine obtained in the course of production Li2CO3 technology. This Li2CO3 supplied to the lithium-ion battery market. The company said "We can create 99.999% purity Li2CO3".
The company's process is to integrate technology into the development of geothermal power plant installations, and then get salt water, and extract lithium.
The company said the previous Li2CO3 manufacturing process compared to a lower cost of new technology can extract the lithium metal. SimbolMining the company said, "The United States may become the number one big country Li2CO3 production."
Engaged in high-speed screening (Screening) business, the United States WildcatDiscoveryTechnologies) are being developed for high-speed screening candidates for the battery electrode material and technology. The technology in the pharmaceutical industry, high-throughput screening of candidate compounds (HighThroughputScreening) technology applied to the battery materials. The company said "we can test in 1 week time, 1,000 alternate materials."
Wind
Accept the Google investment in the United States MakaniPower is developing wind power generation system. Its characteristics are not used in the previous fixed wholesale electronics propeller-type windmill, but all-wing aircraft similar to the unique shape of the windmill. The company said it received a U.S. Google's 18.5 million U.S. dollars investment.
The company plans to be completed by mid-2010, the trial 10kW machine. In addition, also plans to build by 2012 a large-scale introduction of the system power generation facilities.
the benefits of universal charger
For those who often go out, each trip will find a large part of the weight of luggage charger, such as computers, cameras, mobile phones, razors, MP3, etc., but also because it is often battery for camcorderforgot to bring a charger and a languishing . Imagine, if the unification of the charger, airports, hotels and other public places can be free to charge, can save much trouble.
Of course, the benefits of unification is not only a convenient charger.
With the popularity of mobile phones and other electronic products, its e-waste problem caused by an increasing cause for concern. Chargers are often sold together as a product of the attachment. People are constantly update these electronic products, and accumulated large quantities of old charger but useless. Manufacturing and transport of these chargers process is not only increased the cost of consuming resources, while pollution of the environment.
On the charger caused by non-uniform energy consumption and pollution, many environmentalists and experts have suggested.
For example, in environmental pressures, firms use less power than the system introduced in charger, it aims to promote people to use less energy charger;, some experts continue to study how to develop more efficient batteries and chargers, details to make Chargers and battery with in order to achieve maximum battery life, hoping to reduce environmental hazards; there are scientists want to use coupling techniques to design a wireless charger and battery charger to address the problem of aging; the Global Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Association also launched an initiative VGP-BPS9A, VGP-BPS9A/B, vgp-bsp13/s and hope to design a smart charger, the charger can identify different types of batteries (such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion battery), and take the most optimal way to its charge. U.S. Department of Energy and the Global Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Society has co-financed such a project.
Unity has long been the voice of the charger, then why the delay will not be unified?
In June 2009, the European Commission said that the world's leading mobile phone manufacturers have agreed to a unified Europe, cell phone chargers, starting in 2010, Europe's charger will be a unified standard. The EU has made an example, but the specific results of the implementation remains to be seen.
Earlier this year, in Spain at the 2009 World Expo, mobile communications, GSM Association, with 17 mobile operators and manufacturers jointly announced plans to Micro-USB charging adopted as the common interface. Under the agreement objectives, since January 1, 2012, all new phone models listed, will support the universal charging connector, and a new charger will be saving 50%.
We can not predict now, three years later how the implementation of this standard, how many manufacturers will be involved in, the new charger price of how a huge number of old chargers do. Moreover, even if the true reunification of mobile phone charger and other electronic products can be achieved when the unity of charger? The road seems very long.
Xiamen University, China Center for Economic Research of energy to a recent study, discussed the difficulties of a unified charger. First, the issue of vested interests. According to Saidi Wang said, Nokia and mobile phone sales and services related to the past three years, profit margins wholesale electronics remain at 19% ~ 20%. Just look at a charger sale profits, can be found, cell phone manufacturers, most of the profits from sales of such parts and maintenance services. Difficulties in harmonizing the primary reason is that manufacturers have formed in the charger on a huge vested interests.
Secondly, from the technical reasons. Different manufacturers in the battery and charger technology into different. If the unity of the division of investment and revenue? Phone (including battery) itself advances, such as thinner and lighter, has a unified charger can adapt to changes in mobile phones and batteries?
The third reason comes from the division of responsibility for the accident. Disclaimer existing phones generally have such a reminder: If you use non-original charger of this brand, then as a result of charging, such as leakage, explosions and other damage, the manufacturer shall not be liable. Chargers uniform, even those well-established safety standards, but once a problem occurs, who is responsible?
However, in addition to interests more difficult, other technical issues should be resolved. There is the technological advances arising from the external issues, as well as the top battery division of product liability. These problems often require a larger investment, but also in terms of policy guidance, as well as in institutional and legal to make better arrangements.
Complaints about the fast battery discharge
Last night, the Lenovo Group, the relevant departments held an emergency meeting notice posted in the official website, said a joint inspection with Sony batteries have been no complaints from quality problems. With a responsible attitude to consumers, Lenovo can be purchased in two years Tianyi F41 notebook computers, and the emergence of excessive battery discharge Sony battery users, free of charge to replace a new battery.
User to purchase hundreds of laptops Tianyi F41 year and a half later, due to excessive battery discharge complaint to the Lenovo Group, and the establishment of QQ on the Internet activist group is sponsored by, Lenovo will be the battery samples were sent to Japan detection (paper 14 reports).
Last night, the Lenovo Group Public Relations Contact newspaper that Lenovo will be a number of complaints sent samples of the Sony batteries Sony Corporation of Japan toVGP-BPS9, VGP-BPS9/B ,VGP-BPS9/S, VGP-BPS9A conduct a joint inspection. According to test results analysis, there is no censorship of the battery quality problems, it would not create security risks. According to media reports and the Group Customer Service Department phone number of complaints received showed that the present situation of the phenomenon of excessive battery discharge rate risk is very small, "probably at the extreme of a few about." The responsible person, the battery failure may be related to the user's habits, causing hundreds of complaints from the user focus on the Sony batteries.
After discussion, the association put forward the following opinions on handling: Users With an invoice from the purchase date (if not the host factory invoice Zeyi date) within two years, there standard Sony battery discharge too fast phenomena Lenovo Tianyi F41 users may contact the local service station testing, such as determining the fault phenomena, Lenovo replaced free of charge a new battery, replacement battery warranty for one year; provide wholesale electronics samples for testing had been replaced due to excessive battery backup users, because the battery out of spare parts is a database of qualified Lenovo spare parts, and so the replacement warranty for one year from the date of the user in case of doubt, please call Lenovo customer service inquiries.
Lenovo recommends that customers who need to connect an external power supply the best long-term unplug the battery.
Breakthrough in battery technology is difficult
Smart phones are becoming more intense competition in the market. As previously we have reported a growing number of smart phone operating system in their efforts to expand its market share, digital camera battereiswhile the manufacturers are also working to improve their market share in smart phones. A growing number of smart phones available, and their more powerful, more and more high profile, all have shown that smart phone market is growing rapidly.
However, the smart phone does not develop in a smooth sailing. Despite the rapid development of science and technology, more and more application of new technologies to the mobile space has been greatly improved user experience, but there are still some bottlenecks in the mobile phone technology. Battery technology is one of the most important aspect.
Compared with ordinary mobile phones, smart phones tend to have higher than normal cell phone hardware configuration, but with more features smart phones have a greater sony VGP-BPL2 battery， sony VGP-BPS2 battery， sony VGP-BPS2A batteryfrequency of use. This means that the smart phone's power consumption is correspondingly greater. With the large size of the touch screen to become mainstream, more and more Internet-based applications, smart phones also continue to increase electricity consumption trend.
Inconsistent with this development is the cell phone battery technology has not made any major breakthrough. The current smart phone battery capacity and a few years ago to enhance the range is rather limited, their life is difficult to satisfaction of users. According to the author knowledge, there are many smart phone users need to charge the battery every day.
Nokia Research Center Henry Tirri said in an interview in the near future, we must go through several years, breakthroughs in related technologies, the smart phone's battery life is wholesale electronics possible to achieve "good" level. Henry Tirri that, smart mobile phone batteries "good" level refers to the ability to use a single charge of about a week, but now many high-end large-screen smart machine less than eight hours of continuous use.
the situation of Lead market
LME three-month lead prices have continued to maintain within the oscillation range of 2200-2400 U.S. dollars, has not changed, under the support there is resistance. Short-to medium-term digital camera battereistechnical patterns continue to go flat, rapid increases in the vicinity of U.S. dollars in the 2370/90 first encountered resistance, and then a second strong resistance 2500/20 U.S. dollars; down to the first dollar was supported in 2210/30 and, if below, 2070/90 will be expanded to the U.S. dollar decline. Latest stocks 135,125 tons, accumulated within a week by 2875 tons.
City still stagflation stagnation in domestic lead down, Donald lead to price fluctuations in prices lead to Shanghai had little impact due to rain and snow last week, bolstered by news of the rally has been able to continue. Lead prices within a week run in Shanghai 15500-15700 yuan / ton between the narrow band, the main flow of cargo by Yunnan and Xing, Jin-up lead, Shaanxi Shuang lead, lead the south in Guangxi, as well as Sands, copper crown, Tianma brands such as lead. Despite the wishes of the upstream vendors shipped a stronger, but its offer is more steady, while the downstream hope to buy at lower prices, the demand is not strong under current prices, the market sentiment is very light, traders said there is often a day of almost no turnover .
Local Lead City trader said: "It seems that domestic lead prices will remain at 15,500 yuan / ton up and down 200 yuan / ton fluctuations, the main interval 15300-15700 yuan / ton, even if the consumer is not good, but copper, zinc metal very strong in their lead, lead prices can not be low, to 15.2 thousand yuan / hp Pavilion dv2000 battery ， hp Pavilion dv6000 battery ， hp Pavilion DV1000 battery ton is immune. "Since the 10's National Day has been largely reported in the Shanghai lead prices 15350-16000 yuan / tons, and most of the time around 15,500 yuan / ton adjusted upwards or downwards.
Others hold a more optimistic view of a lead smelter, says, "from London metal prices compared to Lun Lun Lead Zinc less than about 100 U.S. dollars / ton; while the domestic market, the spot zinc-lead is even higher than the spot about 1,500 yuan / ton, while zinc plate money can enter a futures speculation, but such a large price difference also explains the domestic lead prices still low, the domestic lead prices can not be a long-term slump, might also appear Quotes compensatory growth. " to November 20 the price, for example, the day SHMET spot 0 # zinc averaged 17.2 thousand yuan / ton, an average of 15.6 thousand yuan # Pb / t, the spread 1,600 yuan / ton.
Lead prices restrain the Shanghai addition to inventories, supply abundant, the consumption of less important factors. Some lead electrode board manufacturer and the production of lead in lead powder companies have suffered weaker demand situation, they told Shanghai metal net, "We do not need to use lead, until the end wholesale electronics of the year to say, now do maintenance." Although the increase in automotive batteries, but in China, electric vehicles and motorcycle batteries is a major consumer of lead, both in the consumer market are very thin
battery source
In addition to lithium-ion batteries, widely used in mobile phones and notebook computers, more importantly, hybrid cars and electric vehicles to use, for example, an essential digital camera batterycomponent of environmentally friendly vehicles. Japan aims to achieve low-carbon society infrastructure, Sharp, Kansai Electric Power, Sakai City, as well as other businesses and urban construction in 2010 will be a pilot smart grid experience. Tokyo Electric Power Company, Hitachi, Itochu, also in collaboration with the Tokyo Institute of Technology research in the field of batteries.
1 Battery
Such batteries are generally divided into lithium-ion batteries and nickel-metal hydride. Producing countries as follows:
Lithium-ion: 57% Japan, South Korea 17%, Chinese 13%, other 13%.
Ni-MH: Japan 74% China 22%, other 4%.
Japan, in battery technology, the world's leading lithium-ion battery of electronic products accounted for about 60% of the world, car batteries, nickel-metal hydride 100% basis. Nomura Securities survey shows that in 2008 global market for lithium-ion about 8,000 billion yen in 2020 will be expanded to Saner ○ ○ ○ Japanese Yen. At present, only one in the lithium batteries used in automobile production in 2020%, will be used in production in automotive lithium batteries 7, drum material, market size will increase to 1.1 billion yen equivalent, of which more than half to three times today in automobile production battery.
Asahi Kasei, Hitachi Chemical Industry, and four other companies in the world's lithium-ion battery electrode materials and insulating materials, in 8 markets. In a global Dell Latitude D600 battery， Dell Latitude D610 battery， Dell Latitude D620 batteryperspective, the cathode material, China, in the chemical industry, Japan, and Asia accounted for 25%, 15% of the share of the Tanaka chemical research, cathode material, Hitachi Chemical industrial growth 42%, JFE Chemical 16%, insulation materials, Asahi Kasei , 45%, 25%, Tonen Chemical, electrolyte, Ube Industries, 25%, 20% of Mitsubishi Chemical.
Eastern Plastics has developed a rare metal of the cathode material of cobalt production needs of alternative technologies should reduce the cost of the seventh. Showa Denko In addition to electrolyte, cathode materials are also under development.
Japan in 2007, 54 tons of platinum consumption, of which 98% dependence on imports, South Africa, is the world's platinum reserves, total reserves of about 9. In order to ensure fuel cells, Japan, and an independent executive non-metallic mineral oil and natural gas Energy Agency (JOGMEC) and the Canadian platinum group metals exploration companies a stable supply of raw materials to develop platinum mines Ḏ 'South Africa's agreement to end four years, exploration spending 37% of the ore has invested 3.2 million U.S. dollars of the right. It is learned that the coal mine is located in the Northeast, South Africa, Waterberg.
4, Japan's R & D forklift mixed
In addition, the focus on developing the next generation hybrid and electric vehicles, Japan's current R & D ah Li's wife is also a hybrid vehicle.
The United States and Europe account for about 70% of the forklift, Japan accounts for about 35% of the market share. Forklift sales in Japan declined sharply since the financial crisis in April 2009 fell to 5,000 units. To this end, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Toyota Automatic Loom, Komatsu utility has already begun with a hybrid battery with a forklift truck production.
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Nagasaki Research Institute, is equipped with lithium-ion battery production forklift, from October 2009 on sale. Forklift-class automotive battery easy technology and mechanical technology will be combined with each other, will slow down the kinetic energy generated will be stored in landfills for power conversion, first proposed the use of four to save fuel costs. Load 5.5 tonnes, is expected to cost more than the normal 2-3 tankers more, dozens of annual production.
Komatsu Forklift subsidiary of Matsushita and other companies acquired, mainly from the engine from .09 to 10 years, will develop and lead battery and hybrid electric engines used in storage devices. Was officially opened in 2011 is expected to save half the purchase cost.
In the first battery-automatic loom Toyota Prius hybrid, in order to improve the results of a fork production, the production of nickel-metal hydride forklift to install, formally put into operation in December, has received dozens of commands.
5, Japan's integrated response to a common cell
May 28, 2009, Japan, and by the provincial middle class, batteries, materials and automotive-related industry leaders formed a "battery system Industry Development Strategy." In order to promote the popularization of the battery, legislation has been modified to relax the restrictions and right budget expenditures. Main measures are:
In artificial intelligence and the security of the battery development of international quality standards. Universal batteries, battery systems industry, Institute for Strategic Studies, Japan has decided to change the company's battery safety tests conducted by an independent approach, began to develop a uniform quality and safety of the battery of international standards to improve the international competitiveness of Japanese companies.
, The Insurance Authority to review the relevant law. Battery fire hazard exists, the Japanese government will consider relaxing the law on electrical appliances and fire safety laws.
The Insurance Authority as the main raw materials to produce lithium-concentrated in South America, the Japanese government financial institutions to provide financing and insurance business, companies and other Japanese companies, to support the purchase of raw materials.
Germany fermentation to promote the expansion of electric vehicle charging station. Specifically, the electric flat-type housing spaces, the owner may be charged domestic long-distance truck remote control, or at night can automatically load and so on.
The Insurance Authority to strengthen ties with the world's major automobile companies, cooperation, access to car batteries for the global market.
In addition to working closely with vehicle manufacturers and battery companies, Japanese car companies and car batteries, to strengthen the cooperation of the world's major car companies into the automotive battery global market.
Volkswagen of Sanyo Electric, Toshiba to buy lithium batteries; France's PSA Peugeot Citroen 65 Yuasa, Mitsubishi cars and other classified lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride battery Sanyo Electric Co. to buy the United States, Hitachi Global to buy batteries, car batteries Sanyo Ford purchases , Nissan and NEC invested 500 billion yen, with France's Renault in France, a joint venture established in 2012 to 6.0 million in annual production of automobile use car batteries, batteries. In addition, Nissan and NEC, are also plans to invest ¥ 201,200,000,000, about 2500 to 2500 in the United States, Britain, Portugal and other countries, the establishment of plants lithium-ion battery, goal is to be able to in 2012 to 400,000 cell vehicle use.
, Integrated circuits to develop emerging markets.
In the demand for cars in emerging markets, strong growth in 2009 China's auto sales will surpass the United States and Vietnam ranks first in the world that Japan is very concerned about the wholesale electronics Chinese auto market to be optimistic. Toyota Motor in 2008, only 6% market share in China's companies to invest 300-400 billion yen in 2010, Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, Toyota, set up R & D center is mainly engaged in car batteries, car - based on the technology, the second generation of R & D and design, development, special-purpose vehicles in China, to expand China market share.
The nation’s largest manufacturing base for lithium battery separator laid the foundation stone
November 19 morning, the city's high-tech industry is another major construction project - the source material, Shenzhen Star Technology Co., Ltd. Li-ion battery separator manufacturing base for digital camera battereisa bright new area in the grand foundation stone laying. Municipal Standing Committee and Executive Vice Mayor Xu Qin attended the ceremony. The project is currently the only city of lithium battery separator manufacturing base, put into operation, it will break the foreign enterprises in the lithium battery separator industry monopoly and blockade of our country to make up for the city a new energy industry chain of missing links for the promotion of city the development of new energy industries, speed up industrial restructuring will play a positive role.
Shenzhen City Star Source Material Technology Co., Ltd. is a professional engaged in microporous membrane research and development, production and sales of new material and new energy high-tech enterprise, its dry and wet preparation of Li-ion battery separator technology with independent intellectual property rights, China's lithium-filled the industrialization of key technology battery separator gap. In recent years, the firm has undertaken two national "863" program, industrial technology has matured, power battery separator product quality has reached international advanced level, industrialization has expanded rapidly.
Yesterday laid the foundation stone of the lithium battery separator manufacturing base for a bright new area is expected to invest 800 million yuan, the new 12 dry-wet production lines two wholesale electronics production lines, is expected to fully completed by 2013. After completion of the project, it will reach an annual output of lithium battery separator 120 million square meters of industrial scale, the annual output of over 10 billion yuan, annual tax revenue Chao 2 billion, to become the country's largest lithium battery separator manufacturing base.